Mathematical Indicator Codes Reference
Comprehensive guide to mathematical symbols, notation, and indicator codes
Basic Operations
Addition / Plus
Binary operation for adding two numbers
a + b
Subtraction / Minus
Binary operation for subtracting numbers
a β b
Multiplication
Product of two numbers
a Γ b, a Β· b, or ab
Division
Quotient of two numbers
a Γ· b, a / b, or a/b
Equals
Equality relation
a = b
Not Equal
Inequality relation
a β b
Comparison & Inequalities
Less Than
a is smaller than b
a < b
Greater Than
a is larger than b
a > b
Less Than or Equal
a is smaller than or equal to b
a β€ b
Greater Than or Equal
a is larger than or equal to b
a β₯ b
Approximately Equal
a is approximately equal to b
a β b
Identical / Equivalent
a is identical or equivalent to b
a β‘ b
Advanced Operations
Square Root
Principal square root
βa or a^(1/2)
Cube Root
Cubic root
βa or a^(1/3)
Exponentiation
Raise to power
x^n or x**n
Absolute Value
Distance from zero
|x| or abs(x)
Factorial
Product of integers from 1 to n
n! = n Γ (n-1) Γ ... Γ 2 Γ 1
Modulo / Remainder
Remainder after division
a mod b or a % b
Greek Letters & Constants
Pi
Ratio of circumference to diameter
Ο β 3.14159...
Euler's Number
Natural logarithm base
e β 2.71828...
Golden Ratio (Phi)
Golden proportion
Ο = (1 + β5) / 2 β 1.618
Infinity
Unbounded quantity
lim (xββ)
Sigma (Summation)
Sum of a sequence
Ξ£(i=1 to n) aα΅’
Pi (Product)
Product of a sequence
β(i=1 to n) aα΅’
Set Theory & Logic
Element Of
a is an element of set A
a β A
Not Element Of
a is not an element of set A
a β A
Union
Elements in A or B or both
A βͺ B
Intersection
Elements in both A and B
A β© B
Subset
A is a subset of B
A β B
Empty Set
Set with no elements
β
or {}
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